PPSCFPSCNTSPakistan govt jobs
- Subject
- International Relationsinternational-relations
- Published
- 22 Feb 2025
- Last updated
- 28 May 2026
Explanation
Glasnost (meaning openness) and Perestroika (meaning restructuring) were reform initiatives introduced by Mikhail Gorbachev during the 1980s to increase transparency and revitalize the Soviet economy. These policies were not established by earlier Soviet leaders such as Joseph Stalin or Leonid Brezhnev. Therefore, the correct answer is Mikhail Gorbachev.
More International Relations MCQs
Practice related questions from the same subject.
- 1.In which year was the Strategic Arms Limitation Treaty (SALT-I) officially signed?
- 2.Which of the following categories are considered weapons of mass destruction?
- 3.In which year was the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) officially established?
- 4.How many Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are recognized as an interconnected set of global objectives?
- 5.How many permanent member countries does the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) currently have?
- 6.The phrase "Axis Powers" is historically connected to which conflict?
- 7.How many economic corridors are included in China's Belt and Road Initiative?
- 8.In which year did the Cuban Missile Crisis, a significant Cold War event between the United States and the Soviet Union, take place?
Subcategories
- Afghanistan Issue
- Conflict, War, and Terrorism
- Contemporary Mainstream Approaches. Neo-Realism and Neo-Liberalism
- Culture in World Affairs
- Diplomacy
- Disputed Barrages. Dams
- Environment and Technology
- Evolution of International Relations
- Gender in World Politics
- Globalization and the Post-Cold-war Order
- Globalization and the Transformation of Political Community
- Historic Agreements, Pacts, Peace and Major Contracts
- Human Security
- Humanitarian Intervention in World Politics
- IR Miscellaneous MCQs
- International Borders & Lines
- International Ethics
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- International Organization, Law, and Human Rights
- International Regimes
- International and Global Security
- Iran's Nuclear Programme
- Kashmir Dispute
- Liberal and Social Theories
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- Pakistan & the World
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- Realist Theories
- Regionalism in International Affairs
- SIACHEN DISPUTE
- Sir Creek Dispute
- The Globalization of International Relations
- Trade and Finance
- Transnational Actors and International Organizations in Global Politics