DNA contains thymine while RNA contains uracil.DNA has deoxyribose sugar and thymine, whereas RNA contains ribose sugar and uracil.DNA includes ribose and thymine, but RNA has deoxyribose and uracil.DNA features deoxyribose sugar, and RNA contains ribose sugar.DNA and RNA differ only in their nitrogenous bases.

7.Who originally introduced the term 'chromosome'?

Van BenedenTheodor BoveriWaldeyerAluman

8.Which molecule is responsible for carrying genetic information?

ProteinsRibosomesNucleic acidsSugarsLipids

9.What term describes the phenomenon where one gene or multiple genes inhibit the expression of other non-allelic genes?

EpisodeCo-dominanceEpistasisDominanceNone of the above

10.If a wheat plant with red kernels, homozygous for two independent dominant genes (non-allelic), is crossed with a white-kernelled wheat plant homozygous for the corresponding recessive alleles, what phenotypic ratio is expected in the F2 generation?

9:3:3:19:79:9:9:3:3:3:11:4:6:4:1None of the above

11.Where are the enzymes and pigments involved in photosynthesis primarily found?

LeucoplastsPlastidsChloroplastsProtoplastsMitochondria

12.What term is used to describe plants that consist of a single cell?

B. ProtestProtophytaProtozoaProkaryotes

13.What is the term for the chromosomal alteration where a segment of genes is flipped, reversing their sequence within the chromosome?

Gene inversionGenetic conversionRecessive geneChromosomal realignmentGene translocation

14.What do we call organisms capable of producing all necessary compounds from basic inorganic materials?

BoldAutotrophicHeterotrophicPhototrophicChemotrophic

15.In which part of Drosophila are the large polytene chromosomes located?

Reproductive organs (testes)Salivary gland cellsEgg-producing ovariesMuscle tissuesNerve cells

16.In which organism was the nucleus first found to control the shape and structure of the plant?

Pea plantAcetabulariaMacrosporeCornNone of the above

17.What term describes the transfer of genes between separate breeding populations through migration, potentially altering gene frequencies?

Genetic driftGene flowAllele frequencyNatural selectionPopulation bottleneck

18.What is the term for a mutant bacterium that cannot grow on a minimal medium unless a specific growth factor is supplied?

AutotrophyAuxotrophAxenemaHeterotroph

19.Why do harmful mutations often remain present in the gene pool instead of being completely removed?

Because they are recessive and exist in individuals who are heterozygous carriersDue to genetic drift affecting offspring in small populationsBecause they enable reproduction across diverse environmental conditionsSince they provide survival advantages in the future

20.Which characteristic is not universally present in all living organisms?

Storage of energy in high-energy phosphate bondsProtein production within ribosomesUse of a triplet codon system for amino acidsVariety of proteins found in the organism

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Plant Breeding and Genetics MCQs

About this subject

1.Which cellular structure is responsible for the production of carbohydrates?

2.Which cellular component plays a crucial role in the formation and synthesis of protoplasm?

3.What is the primary function of plastids in plant cells?

4.Who is credited with the discovery of mitochondria?

5.Who were the inventors of the electron microscope?

6.What is the primary chemical difference between DNA and RNA?