Psychology Mcqs

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1.The 1986 decision by NASA to proceed with the Challenger shuttle launch despite engineers' concerns illustrates the harmful effects of which social psychological phenomenon?

2.Stroebe and Diehl (1994) explored why brainstorming sessions often fail to boost individual creativity. They proposed that during brainstorming, only one person can speak at a time, forcing others to remain silent and possibly become distracted or forget their own ideas. This phenomenon, called 'production blocking,' refers to the delay and distraction caused by waiting to speak, which may hinder idea generation. Their study found that participants produced about twice as many ideas when allowed to share thoughts immediately rather than waiting for their turn. Based on these findings, which two conclusions can be drawn?

3.In the 1957 film Twelve Angry Men directed by Sidney Lumet, twelve jurors must determine the guilt or innocence of a young man accused of murdering his father. Initially, all jurors except one believe the defendant is guilty. The single juror (portrayed by Henry Fonda) confidently and persistently challenges the others' views. Gradually, the other jurors change their opinions until they unanimously decide the defendant is not guilty. What type of social influence does this scenario best illustrate?

Following the majority's opinionInfluence exerted by a small dissenting groupPressure to adhere to social normsChanging beliefs based on new informationCompliance due to authority

4.What was the main reason Zimbardo and his team ended the Stanford Prison Experiment early?

The subjects failed to adopt their assigned rolesThe guards were unwilling to mistreat the prisonersThe prisoners began to exhibit serious signs of psychological breakdown and group collapseThe study took place in an actual prison with real inmates, causing ethical controversies

5.Which issue is commonly observed in centralized networks when handling complex activities?

Complicated tasks are managed effectivelyMembers on the outskirts may experience reduced independence in straightforward tasksComplex tasks often face delays and communication breakdownsOpen communication is encouraged between all roles

6.Sherif's autokinetic effect experiments and Asch's line judgment studies both highlighted the influence of which social psychological element on people's tendency to conform?

7.Which pair of traits is commonly found in an unhappy couple?

Retaliation and high fairnessMutual exchange and openness about conflictsRetaliation and mutual exchangeHigh fairness and openness about disagreements

8.What did Milgram's renowned obedience experiment reveal about the behavior of average individuals?

Individuals tend to comply with harmful orders at high rates when subjected to intense situational pressure.Individuals rarely follow harmful instructions even under strong situational influence.A person's inherent traits primarily determine their obedience levels.Individuals often resist authority when they feel uncomfortable with the directives given.Obedience is unaffected by the context or authority presence.

9.Which of the following statements about social support is accurate?

Having social support from a wide network benefits health and reduces stress.Social support within close-knit groups enables individuals to withstand pressure from external majorities or unethical authorities.Both statements A and B are correct.Neither statement A nor B is true.

10.Based on Rusbult's investment model, which element plays the greatest role in sustaining a healthy intimate relationship?

11.What was a key finding from Milgram’s (1963) obedience experiment?

Average individuals in a lab setting refused to deliver electric shocks simply because an authority figure instructed them to do so.Subjects assumed that the electric shocks they gave would cause no real harm.Behaviors that seem abnormal might stem from social situations rather than personal mental disorders.None of these statements are accurate.

12.In Zajonc’s theory of social facilitation, which element influences whether dominant behaviors are enhanced or suppressed?

The nature of the activity being donePrevious knowledge or skillsThe presence of other individualsSense of belonging to a groupEnvironmental conditions

13.The notorious 1964 murder of Kitty Genovese in New York, where 38 witnesses reportedly saw the attack but none offered help, illustrates which social-psychological effect?

Intervention by bystandersEnhancement of performance in the presence of othersIndifference exhibited by witnessesTheory of fairness in social exchangesNone of the above

14.Based on the findings of Latane and Darley, what reasons explain why bystanders did not step in to assist Kitty Genovese before her murder?

Lack of awareness regarding others' perceptions of the eventThe sense of shared responsibility reduced personal accountabilityAbsence of any authoritative individuals at the sceneConcern about appearing foolish by responding incorrectly in front of othersAll of the above except option C

15.What does social facilitation describe in terms of performance when an individual is observed by others of the same species?

Enhanced results on both familiar/easy tasks and unfamiliar/hard tasksBetter performance on familiar/easy tasks but worse performance on unfamiliar/hard tasksReduced performance on familiar/easy tasks while improving on unfamiliar/hard tasksDecline in performance on both familiar/easy tasks and unfamiliar/hard tasksNo change in performance regardless of task difficulty

16.Identify the TWO accurate statements regarding psychological research from the list below:

Statements 1 and 2Statements 2 and 3Statements 1 and 4Statements 3 and 4

17.Which THREE of the following are essential characteristics of quality psychological research?

It must be transparent, build upon previous findings, and be concise.It should be transparent, based on personal opinions, and cumulative.It should rely on personal views, build on past knowledge, and be concise.It must be transparent, subjective, and concise.

18.Which five attributes best characterize high-quality psychological research?

Accurate, scientific, ethical, experimental, correlationalScientific, experimental, transparent, simple, progressiveAccurate, consistent, transparent, simple, progressiveExperimental, quasi-experimental, survey-based, correlational, meta-analytic

19.What distinguishes psychology from other fields that study comparable subjects?

Psychology strictly follows ethical guidelines in researchPsychology employs the scientific method for investigationPsychology depends heavily on statistical analysisPsychology focuses exclusively on human subjects

20.Which primary categories of assessment tools do psychologists use to evaluate the results of mental processes?

Concepts, predictions, and evaluationsSurveys, experimental studies, and correlation analysesObserved behavior, questionnaires, and controlled testsBehavioral observations, self-report measures, and physiological recordingsInterviews, case studies, and statistical models

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