Sociology Mcqs

1.Which type of group is exemplified by close friends who have shared a relationship since childhood?

2.The term "Gemeinschaft" describes a social structure where the majority of connections are primarily _______________.

based on personal or traditional tiesformal and impersonalcentered around organizational rolesnot applicable

3.In which type of group is an individual's personality primarily developed?

4.By what criteria are primary groups primarily evaluated?

5.Which of the following characteristics apply to secondary groups?

Structured and officialImpersonal in natureBoth structured and impersonalNeither of these

6.What type of groups allow us to develop close, personal relationships with individuals?

Primary groupsSecondary groupsTertiary groupsNone of the above

7.Since our involvement varies across different in-groups, Bogardus created a concept to assess how close or accepted we feel toward various social groups. What is this concept called?

Acceptance scaleDegree of affinitySocial distanceNo applicable term

8.Through which process do we adopt the norms of our culture and develop shared values, goals, and feelings?

Personal experiencesFamily influenceParticipation in group interactionsNo applicable option

9.Which statement best describes white-collar and corporate crimes?

They are offenses typically carried out by financially well-off individuals, often during business operations.They tend to incur lower financial losses compared to other types of crimes.These crimes are less commonly encountered by the general public than street-level offenses.Those found guilty usually face harsh penalties.

10.What do labeling theorists argue about individuals who are labeled as deviant?

They emphasize the reasons behind why people commit deviant acts.They believe certain offenses, like rape, are naturally criminal.They argue that assigning a deviant label does not influence a person's actions.They maintain that often those labeled as deviant adopt that identity and continue engaging in deviant behavior.

11.What is required for a deviant behavior to be legally recognized as a crime?

The government must officially enact laws that define it as criminalIt has to be performed by an individual already identified as a criminalIt should involve harm to a person or damage to propertyMost people in society must view the behavior as criminal

12.According to conflict theorists, how are criminal behaviors defined?

They believe societal values benefit everyone equally.They view the capitalist elite as guardians of the general population.They contend that the ruling class labels certain actions as crimes to maintain control.None of the statements accurately represent conflict theorists' views.

13.Fred was a high-achieving student who made the honor roll last year. However, this year he started spending time with peers who prioritize video games over studying and typically receive grades of C and D. Gradually, Fred stops completing his homework and submitting extra credit assignments. He withdraws from his honors courses, and his grades fall from mostly A's to C's. Which deviance theory best accounts for Fred's change in behavior?

14.What term describes a social state where individuals struggle to regulate their actions due to norms that seem weak, ambiguous, or contradictory?

15.How do functionalists perceive the role of social control in society?

As a mechanism that benefits dominant groups while disadvantaging othersAs a crucial element necessary for the continued stability of societyAs a cause of disorder within the social structureBoth as essential for stability and as a cause of disorder

16.Why is deviant behavior considered harmful to society?

It can disrupt and weaken the structure of organized social systemsIt encourages people to fulfill their social responsibilitiesIt motivates individuals to participate more in communal activitiesIt builds greater mutual trust among community members

17.What is the primary purpose of punishment within a society?

to rehabilitate offendersto seek retaliationto uphold and reinforce ethical normsnone of the above

18.From which historical period does the term 'terrorism' originate?

19.What type of offense occurs when businesses do not comply with the laws that govern their operations?

crimes committed by professionalsillegal acts committed by corporationscrimes without an apparent victimcriminal activities carried out by structured groups

20.Which theory suggests that deviance arises not as an inherent trait of individuals or groups, but through the interactions that lead to certain groups being identified as deviant?