Elements of Remote Sensing

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1.What is the primary purpose of photo-interpretation?

Determining the identity of featuresDetecting and understanding objectsEvaluating the importance of featuresAll of the above

2.Remote sensing methods rely on which type of waves that are emitted, reflected, or scattered by the target objects?

3.What is the approximate altitude of a geostationary satellite above the Earth's surface?

26,000 kilometers30,000 kilometers36,000 kilometers44,000 kilometers

4.What effects are caused by the scan geometry of a satellite sensor?

Resolution decreases when viewing off-nadirThe ground area covered by the sensor's IFOV increases proportionally to the square of the secant of the scan angle from nadirImage details near the scan edges appear compressedAll of the aboveNone of the above

5.Which of the following best describes the positional accuracy of Differential GPS (DGPS)?

Position accuracy is approximately 1 to 2 meters when the rover is within 1 to 2 kilometers of the reference stationPosition accuracy ranges from 2 to 5 meters if the rover is within 2 to 5 feet of the reference stationPosition accuracy is around 5 to 10 meters when the rover is located within 5 to 10 kilometers of the reference stationPosition accuracy is about 5 to 10 meters if the rover is less than 25 kilometers awayPosition accuracy is better than 1 meter regardless of distance from the reference station

6.What is the term for the process where electromagnetic radiation of a particular wavelength is emitted to illuminate a surface, allowing the analysis of the reflected radiation from that target?

Remote sensing without emissionRemote sensing with emissionBalanced remote sensingNot applicable

7.How does the refractive index of seawater change with varying salinity levels?

It rises as salinity increasesIt rises as temperature increasesIt falls as salinity risesIt falls as temperature rises

8.Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum can travel through Earth's atmosphere with minimal absorption or scattering?

9.What are the devices called that emit electromagnetic radiation at specific wavelengths or wavelength ranges to illuminate the Earth's surface?

DetectorsPassive detectorsActive detectorsNot applicable

10.What is the approximate orbital radius of GPS satellites?

15,200 kilometers26,600 kilometers18,400 kilometers36,000 kilometers

11.When an electromagnetic wave encounters the interface between two lossless homogeneous media with different refractive indices, part of the wave is reflected back into the original medium while the remainder passes into the second medium. What is this phenomenon called?

Fresnel reflectionFresnel refractionSnell's lawNone of the above

12.Who is credited with introducing the term 'Remote sensing'?

Evelyn L. Pruitt, a geographerGaspard Felix Tournachon, a French researcherWilbur Wright, an Italian scientistNone of the above

13.What energy source does a passive sensor rely on?

The Sun as its energy providerA flashlight serving as the energy sourceAn internal power supplyNo energy source at all

14.What is the fundamental requirement for any sensor system?

Radiometric detailSpatial claritySpectral accuracyAll of the above

15.What effect does scattered or diffused radiation from sources other than the intended target have on the image captured by a remote sensor?

It lowers both the image's contrast and its clarityIt enhances the contrast but diminishes the clarityIt boosts both contrast and clarityIt decreases contrast while improving clarity

16.What causes spatial variation in both horizontal and vertical directions?

Mechanical breakdown of rocksChemical alteration of rocksOrganic activity affecting rocksAll the above factors

17.Given that the electric permittivity and magnetic permeability of a medium are ε and μ respectively, what is the formula for the speed (Cm) of an electromagnetic wave traveling through this medium?

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Elements of Remote Sensing

About this subject

Practice questions

1.What is the primary purpose of photo-interpretation?

2.Remote sensing methods rely on which type of waves that are emitted, reflected, or scattered by the target objects?

3.What is the approximate altitude of a geostationary satellite above the Earth's surface?

4.What effects are caused by the scan geometry of a satellite sensor?

5.Which of the following best describes the positional accuracy of Differential GPS (DGPS)?

6.What is the term for the process where electromagnetic radiation of a particular wavelength is emitted to illuminate a surface, allowing the analysis of the reflected radiation from that target?

7.How does the refractive index of seawater change with varying salinity levels?

8.Which part of the electromagnetic spectrum can travel through Earth's atmosphere with minimal absorption or scattering?

9.What are the devices called that emit electromagnetic radiation at specific wavelengths or wavelength ranges to illuminate the Earth's surface?

10.What is the approximate orbital radius of GPS satellites?

11.When an electromagnetic wave encounters the interface between two lossless homogeneous media with different refractive indices, part of the wave is reflected back into the original medium while the remainder passes into the second medium. What is this phenomenon called?

12.Who is credited with introducing the term 'Remote sensing'?

13.What energy source does a passive sensor rely on?

14.What is the fundamental requirement for any sensor system?

15.What effect does scattered or diffused radiation from sources other than the intended target have on the image captured by a remote sensor?

16.What causes spatial variation in both horizontal and vertical directions?

17.Given that the electric permittivity and magnetic permeability of a medium are ε and μ respectively, what is the formula for the speed (Cm) of an electromagnetic wave traveling through this medium?

18.Which type of antenna is predominantly utilized in GPS systems?

19.Which of the following features is not typically found on digital maps?

20.What type of clocks are typically utilized in GPS receivers?

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